No, celery and rhubarb are not directly related. They’re more like distant acquaintances who happen to work in the same office—the office of edible stalks. Celery is a member of the Apiaceae family, which includes carrots, parsley, and dill. Rhubarb? It’s in the Polygonaceae family, rubbing shoulders with buckwheat and sorrel.
Think of it this way: if plant families were high school cliques, celery would hang with the herb nerds, and rhubarb would be the goth kid obsessed with sour candy. They might nod at each other in the cafeteria, but they’re not swapping lunch recipes.